Bugis and Kampong Glam are districts of Singapore, just to the east of the central business district (CBD).

Understand

Sultan Mosque

Bugis has a colourful past. It was named after the bloodthirsty race of pirates who prowled in the Straits before the arrival of the British. The area where Bugis Junction now stands was the original home of Singapore's small Hainanese community, famous for their large contribution to Singapore's culinary culture, before they moved to Beach Road in the early 20th century to make use of the docks and seafront. The area was then taken over by Singapore's Japanese community, and was originally populated by girls from poorer parts of Japan who came to Singapore to work as prostitutes. The Japanese community then grew and in their heyday just prior to World War II, were running many businesses and even had their own school and newspaper. However, the British repatriated all ethnic Japanese in Singapore after World War II, and did not allow any ethnic Japanese to enter Singapore for the next few years, thus spelling a temporary end for the Japanese community in Singapore. (The Japanese came back eventually, but these days they hang out around Robertson Quay.)

For a long time after the war, the area was Singapore's equivalent of Patpong, a red-light district known for its bars and transvestite prostitutes or katies (the anglicized version of the Thai kathoey), and was a popular hangout spot for American soldiers on their days off during the Vietnam War. However, in 1985 the area was redeveloped with a vengeance, turning it into a sanitised shopping experience for the whole family.

Neighboring Kampong Glam, also known by the name of its main thoroughfare Arab Street, was where Singapore's Arab traders settled in the founding days of the colony, and was also the part of town allocated to the Malays when Raffles drew up his town plan. But here too, the original inhabitants fled in the 1920s as real estate prices drove through the roof, and today the heart of Muslim Singapore beats in Geylang Serai on the East Coast.

So what's left then? A slice of modern Singapore at its most hyperactive: hundreds upon hundreds of shops and restaurants, several attractive promenades, and a bazaar selling the cheapest T-shirts in town. Head here on a weekend to experience Singaporean consumerism at its finest.

Get in

The Bugis (East-West and Downtown lines) and Lavender (East-West line) MRT stations are the primary entry points into the district. Rochor (Downtown line) is a good alternative to get to the northern edge of the area. If arriving by bus from Malaysia, you'll most likely be deposited at either the Queen St bus terminal, which lies on the edge of the area.

If exiting at Bugis, the key roads are Rochor Rd and Victoria St. Walk north on Victoria St until you spot the golden domes of the Sultan Mosque; turn left here for Arab St, or keep walking north for Lavender MRT. Alternatively, head west on Rochor Rd to reach Little India, within easy walking distance; or head south on Victoria St to return to Orchard Road.

Get around

The pedestrian sections of Albert St and Waterloo St make exploring the area on foot a pleasure. Getting to Kampong Glam from Bugis is a slightly longer hike though, hop on any northbound bus on Victoria Rd for a few stops to shortcut the distance.

See

Kwan Im Thong Hood Cho Temple

Except for the odd mosque or temple there are few attractions per se in Bugis. Do as the Singaporeans do and window-shop your way through, stopping for quick eats every now and then.

• 1 Sri Krishnan Temple, 152 Waterloo St. A Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Krishna, an incarnation of Vishnu. Right next door to Kwan Im Thong Hood Cho, and there's a steady stream of Chinese visitors hedging their bets by making offerings to the Hindu gods too. Free.  
• 2 Kwan Im Thong Hood Cho (观音堂佛祖庙), 178 Waterloo St. The most popular Buddhist temple in Singapore, dedicated to Kuan Yin, the Goddess of Mercy. According to legend, wishes made in here come true, which would explain why it's always packed. The procedure goes like this: enter, light some joss sticks, pray, then shake a container of cham si (bamboo sticks) until one falls out. Get a free matching slip with verses (also in English) explaining your fate, and maybe take it to one of the resident soothsayers for more explanation. Free, although donations are accepted.  
• 3 National Library of Singapore, 100 Victoria St (near Bras Basah MRT), ☏ +65 6332 3255, enquiry@nlb.gov.sg. 8AM-9PM. A testament to Singapore's dedication to public education. There is the Central Public Library in the basement and the Lee Kong Chian Reference Library in levels 7-13. Designed to be environmentally-friendly, there are two public gardens (the Courtyard on Level 5 and the Retreat on Level 10) where you can get a good view of the city. They sometimes hold a few small events and exhibitions. Levels 3-5 host the Drama Centre, a theatre for plays and the performing arts.  
• 4 Sultan Mosque (Masjid Sultan), 3 Muscat St (off North Bridge Rd). Sa-Th 1AM-noon, 2-4PM; F 2:30-4PM. The largest and one of the oldest mosques in Singapore, the building is easily identified thanks to its golden domes, but there's not much to see inside. Shorts, short skirts, or sleeveless T-shirts are not permissible attire, but you can borrow a cloak if needed. Free. (updated Sep 2017)
• 5 Malay Heritage Centre, 85 Sultan Gate. Tu-Su 10AM-6PM. Set on the grounds of beautifully restored Istana Kampong Glam, the site looks gorgeous from the outside but despite some half-hearted attempts at whiz-bang multimedia, the museum inside is rather disappointing. Free entry onto the grounds, $6 for the museum. (updated Sep 2017)
• 6 Hajjah Fatimah Mosque (Masjid Hajjah Fatimah), 4001 Beach Rd. Singapore's second most important mosque historically after Sultan Mosque. It was named after an aristocratic Malay woman who donated money to build it. Its design is a mix of local Malay Muslim and colonial British architecture. This minaret tower is also worth a look as it leans slightly off-centre towards the main prayer hall. As with all mosques, revealing clothing should be avoided. Free.  

Buy

Bugis Junction

Bugis in particular is all about shopping these days!

• 1 Bugis Junction, 200 Victoria St (Bugis MRT). Singapore's teenage haven, built around the restored shophouses of Hylam and Malay Streets, covered with a roof for shopping in any weather. Anchor tenants include department store BHG and the minimalist Japanese home decoration shop Muji (BHG 2F); also check out the ever-surprising fountain in the middle of Bugis Square. The basement has a good selection of cheap to mid-range eateries, and the Food Junction food court on the 3rd floor is a cut above the usual.  
• 2 Bugis+ (Formerly Iluma), 201 Victoria St (Opposite Bugis Junction). The latest mall in Bugis, aimed squarely at the same teen market as Bugis Junction and housing more or less the same shops, plus an 9-screen Film Garde cineplex. Worth a look at night, when the panels outside pulse and shift in an impressive light show. Houses (at least for now) a unique food court, Ramen Champion, comprising nothing but ramen shops from Japan and that's worth a visit for ramen fans.  
• 3 Bugis Village. Right across Victoria St, Bugis Street no longer has bars and transvestites, but it does have a bazaar that sells all sorts of vaguely touristy knick-knacks as well as mass-market street wear. This is the cheapest place in Singapore to buy T-shirts for family back home, although the quality of those $2 shirts is pretty much what you'd expect. If you haven't sampled tropical fruits yet, take a look at the fruit stalls at the other end. (updated Sep 2017)

If you continue walking straight through Bugis Street, you'll reach the Albert Street and Waterloo Street pedestrian mall. Browse through shops offering Buddhist paraphernalia and take a peek at the two temples on Waterloo St. Keep going straight to reach electronics haven Sim Lim Square and beyond it Little India.

• 4 Sin Chew Chinese Cultural Products Supermart, 192 Waterloo St. True to the name, this store packs in vast quantities of Buddhas and Confucian deities, glittering in gold, blinking lights and all shades of kitsch. Note the statue of Budai the "Laughing Buddha" outside — there is a steady crowd trooping up to rub his big belly, hoping to catch some of his good luck. 

Haji Lane

Like Little India and Chinatown, Kampong Glam has been restored, refurbished and new life breathed into it, bringing back the former colour and vibrancy of the area. Rows of conserved shophouses can be found in Arab Street, Baghdad Street and Bussorah Street. Many of these shophouses have new tenants such as design and IT firms, art galleries, crafts and curios shops, food caterers and restaurants. They blend in with traditional businesses like textile and carpet shops, antiques and handicrafts shops including those selling traditional games, blacksmiths, and shops selling religious items used by Muslims. On Haji Lane, local independent fashion boutiques and quirky little shops offer a unique shopping experience. It is a prominent location for second-hand clothing and trendy street fashion, featuring the works of local designers and imported wares from Japan and the States.

Kampong Glam is also an area dotted with good restaurants, from Malaysian coffee shops and bakeries to fine modern European dining. Many of the stores on Arab Street specialize in batik and silk. Be prepared to bargain.

• 5 Army Market, Beach Rd (Golden Mile Hawker Centre). Sells surplus equipment from the Singapore Armed Forces and the Singapore Police Forece. Mostly popular with local soldiers shopping for replacements, but also of interest to low-budget camping enthusiasts or camouflage fetishists. 

Eat

Bugis has a wide selection of restaurants catering to every taste. A highlight is the area near Arab Street, which specialises in halal (Muslim) food with quite a few Middle Eastern eateries too. Fortune Centre, on Middle Rd, and the area around it is a popular area for vegetarians, with a big variety of options. Goldex Mile Complex on Beach Road was once the hub of Singapore's Thai community, with numerous Thai restaurants and supermarkets catering to that community, but it has been closed for renovation, and the Thai businesses scattered across the island, though quite a number of them have moved to City Gate Mall just down the street, and to Aperia Mall in Kallang.

Budget

There is a large food hawker centre at the intersection of Albert and Waterloo St, and plenty of others scattered through the area.

• 1 Diandin Leluk, 317 Beach Road #01-05 & #01-17/18 (City Gate), ☏ +65-62935101. 11am-10pm. Authentic greasy spoon Thai food by Thais for Thais, so steer clear if you can't handle the spicy stuff. The pad Thai here is probably both the cheapest and the best in town. Mains $10. (updated Sep 2022)
• 2 Golden Mile Claypot Rice, Golden Mile Food Center #01-65 (Beach Rd). A humongous claypot bowl packed with rice, chicken and thick dark sauce will cost you just $5, but prepare to wait while they make it. You may want to opt out of the super-salty dried fish if you're not previously familiar with the stuff though. $5. 
• 3 Ratu Lemper, 31 Arab St. Tu-Su 10AM-9PM. Pint-size boutique bakery specializing in lemper, a savoury glutinous rice snack resembling Japanese rice rolls (onigiri). Also sells a wide range of Malay and Indonesian kuih pastries, with the ondeh-ondeh, little green balls filled with liquid cane syrup, particularly delicious. From $2/piece. (updated Sep 2022)
• 4 Zam Zam, 699 North Bridge Rd, ☏ +65 6298 7011. One of Singapore's best-known restaurants for all sorts of Indian Muslim food. Since 1908. Try their legendary murtabak, a type of stuffed pancake eaten with curry, although the nasi briyani spiced rice is also pretty good. If Zam Zam is full, try the near-identical Victory next door: the once friendly rivalry between the two escalated into violence in 2015, when Zam Zam's owner hired a hitman to slash his enemy, but was caught and ended up caned and in jail. $5-. (updated Sep 2022)

Mid-range

Pedestrian Bussorah St, right in front of Sultan Mosque, is packed with Turkish and Middle Eastern restaurants. As always, avoid those that need to hire touts to drag in customers and opt for those that have already drawn a crowd.

• 5 % Arabica, 56 Arab St, ☏ +65 6291 3887. Singaporean outpost of a small Japanese chain selling some of the best coffee in Singapore, with achingly hip white and concrete minimalist decor. Food selections are limited to bakery items. $5-9 for coffee. (updated Sep 2022)
• 6 Alaturka, 15 Bussorah Street. 11:30AM-10:30PM. On the quieter south side of Bussorah St, this stylish Turkish place with a Michelin Bib Gourmand is a cut above the competition, with tasty meze and kebap platters. Mains around $25. (updated Sep 2022)
• 7 Herbivore Japanese, Fortune Centre, 190 Middle Road, #01-13/14. 11:30AM-10PM. One of the many vegetarian restaurants in Fortune Centre. Serves mostly Japanese food including a lot of imitation dishes such as salmon sashimi or donkatsu. $10-20. (updated Sep 2017)
• 8 Minang, 18 Kandahar Street, ☏ +65 6294 4805. Daily 9AM-7PM. Established 1954, this is perhaps the best-known nasi padang (Indonesian style rice) in Singapore, with more than 20 dishes to choose from. The meltingly smooth beef rendang, crispy tahu telur (tofu with peanut sauce) and crunchy achar pickles are must-haves. Peak hour here is lunch time, with crowds packing in after the noon prayers at the nearby Sultan Mosque. Outdoor seating only. $15 for a full meal. (updated Sep 2022)

Drink

For a district once known by sailors as Boogie Street, modern-day Bugis is woefully short on dedicated places to drink, perhaps unsurprisingly since many of the shoppers here haven't reached drinking age. However, neighboring Kampong Glam has quite a few hipster bars. Until 2014, the area was also well known for Arab-style water pipes (shisha), but these have now been banned in all Singapore.

• 1 Atlas, 600 North Bridge Rd (Parkview Square), ☏ +65 6396 4466. One of the best bars in Singapore, in a building locally referred to as the "Batman Building" for its extravagant Art Deco façade. The bar is three stories high and extravagantly decorated with bronzework and murals, and it features the world's largest gin collection within a big tower in the middle of the bar. During the day, they have an opulent high tea set ($56, reservations required), while the name of the game in the evenings is cocktails (from $24), particularly their famous martinis. Unusually for Singapore, there's a dress code in the evening: men must wear long pants and covered shoes. (updated Feb 2021)
• 2 Blu Jaz Cafe, 11 Bali Lane, ☏ +65 9821 6961. M-Th 9AM-1AM, F Sa 9AM-2:30AM, closed on Sundays. Perhaps the most famous watering hole in Kampong Glam, serving up casual cocktails and a long list of beers. While food is available as well, the main draws here are the laid-back ambience and the live music, which runs the gamut from rock to jazz. Grab a drink and a seat outside on the sidewalk, screened from passing cars by a thicket of greenery, and just chill; or if you want to get your groove on, there's a DJ and dance floor on the 2nd floor. Very popular on weekends. pastas and Western-style mains $12-15. (updated Sep 2022)
• 3 Bar Stories, 55-57A Haji Ln. One of Singapore's first artisanal cocktail bars, this cramped but cozy bar hidden up a staircase is famous for its lack of a menu and its inventive drinks, which are composed on the spot according to your preferences and may involve tin cans or sprigs of rosemary lit on fire with a blowtorch. Fortunately most of them taste pretty good too!. $20-25 for cocktails. (updated Feb 2021)

Sleep

A few hotels are scattered about Bugis and Kampong Glam, although backpackers might wish to head to neighbouring Little India instead.

Budget

• 1 Cozy Corner Guesthouse, 490 North Bridge Rd, ☏ +65 6338 8826. Air-con. Internet. Dorms $12-17, rooms $50-85. 

Mid-range

• 2 Beach Hotel Singapore, 95 Beach Rd (5 min walk from the Bugis MRT), ☏ +65 6336 7712. $130+. 
• 3 Ibis Singapore Bencoolen, 170 Bencoolen St, ☏ +65 6593 2888. Opened 2008, this is the French economy chain's first hotel in Singapore. 538 basic but comfortable rooms. From $121.  
• 4 Park View Hotel, 81 Beach Rd, ☏ +65 6338 8558. Standard-issue business hotel. The cheapest rooms have no windows. $110.  
• 5 South East Asia Hotel, 190 Waterloo St, ☏ +65 6338 2394. Cheap and comfortable hotel in Bugis on the Waterloo Street pedestrian mall, a 5-min stroll from Bugis MRT and around the corner from Sim Lim Square. Double: $100, triple: $118. 
• 6 Village Hotel Bugis (formerly Golden Landmark Hotel), 390 Victoria St, ☏ +65 6297 2828. A comfortable, if aging, mid-range hotel with a nice pool deck, next to Raffles Hospital. $205.  

Splurge

• 7 InterContinental Singapore, 80 Middle Rd (Bugis MRT, in Bugis Junction), ☏ +65 6338 7600. Swanky modern hotel done up in an attractive pseudo-colonial shophouse style. $380.  
• 8 Andaz Singapore, 5 Fraser Street, ☏ +65 6408 1234. Hyatt goes hip in this highrise hotel, where even the lobby is on the 25th floor. Rooms are generously sized for Singapore. Outdoor bar Mr Stork on floor 39 is super-popular for its cocktails and views; reservations mandatory. From $400. (updated Nov 2022)

Go next

For more culture, head to Chinatown or Little India. More upmarket shopping can be found at Orchard Road and Marina Bay. You can also visit the Nature Reserve or the Singapore Zoo at the north and west of Singapore. Also, you can visit Johor Bahru by bus 170 or Causeway Link at Queen St Terminal.