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North America > Canada > Atlantic Canada > New Brunswick > Bay of Fundy > Grand Manan Island

Grand Manan Island

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Sunset at Whistle Light house, facing Maine

Grand Manan is a beautiful island, made up of several small fishing communities. Its permanent population of 2,360 (2016) swells significantly in the summer, but you can easily find privacy. While New Brunswick is a bilingual province, the residents of Grand Manan are almost exclusively English speakers.

Understand

Grand Manan rests in the midwestern end of the Bay of Fundy, a body of water between the provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, and home to some of the most extreme tides in the world. It is 32 km south of Blacks Harbour, New Brunswick. The climate in spring, summer and fall is very comfortable but winter has an inconsistent weather pattern with snow, rain, freezing rain and mild weather.

The vast majority of Grand Manan residents live on the eastern side of the island. Due to limited access, 91-metre (300-ft) cliffs, and high winds, the western side of the island is not developed, although it does have wind-power ventures and camps at Dark Harbour, a small community and get-away destination for islanders. Grand Manan has a network of trails for all-terrain vehicles, hiking, mountain biking, nature walks, and presents a challenging landscape for jogging.

There are a number of freshwater ponds, lakes and beaches that are prime locations for sunbathing, beachcombing, and picnics. Other interesting finds on Grand Manan are magnetic sand, and "The Hole-In-The Wall" located in Whale Cove in the village of North Head. Anchorage Provincial Park can be found on the island's southeastern coast between the communities of Grand Harbour and Seal Cove.

History

"Manan" is a corruption of "mun-an-ook" or "man-an-ook", meaning "island place" or "the island", from the Maliseet-Passamaquoddy-Penobscot First Nations who, according to oral history, used Grand Manan and its surrounding islands as a safe place for the elderly Passamaquoddy during winter months and as a sacred burial place ("ook"-means "people of").

Although there is no evidence, the Norse are believed by some to be the first Europeans to visit Grand Manan while exploring the Bay of Fundy and Gulf of Maine around 1000 AD. During the early 16th century, Breton fishermen are said to have fished the teeming waters around the island and sheltered among its old-growth oak forests.

Portuguese explorer João Álvares Fagundes charted the area around Grand Manan in about 1520. The island became part of New France, by there was no French settlement, and in 1713 it was traded to the British in the Treaty of Utrecht.

The first permanent British settlement of Grand Manan was established in 1784. Because of the Treaty of Paris (1783), the United States considered Grand Manan to be its possession on the basis of the island's proximity to Maine. For many years, the U.S. and Britain squabbled over the ownership of Grand Manan. Britain obtained better title to Grand Manan in Jay's Treaty of 1794.

Grand Manan established a reputation for fishing and shipbuilding in the early 19th century, and undertook the harvesting of hackmatack, birch and oak. In 1831 the Gannet Rock Lighthouse was built on a rocky islet south of Grand Manan, in order to protect shipping en route to the port of Saint John, New Brunswick. It is Grand Manan's oldest lighthouse.

By 1884, Grand Manan became the largest supplier of smoked herring in the world. By 1920, it produced a staggering one million boxes—or twenty thousand tons—of smoked herring, all caught in its local waters. By the late Victorian era, Grand Manan had been discovered by a new breed of explorers—the "tourists"—who began visiting the island in steady numbers.

Get in

There is regular car-ferry service from Blacks Harbour, NB. There is no fee for the trip to Grand Manan, however you must pay for your return trip. Prices and an up-to-date schedule can be found here.

A 1,000-m air strip for small planes is near the centre of the island. The closest commercial airports are Saint John, and Bangor, Maine.

Get around

  • Leighton Spicer - private taxi, Grand Harbour. +1 506 662-3708

See

The Swallowtail Lighthouse, the first major landmark that visitors see when arriving by ferry

Do

Buy

  • The Old North Head Post Office, 52 Route 776, North Head. A 1938 building a 2-minute walk from the ferry terminal. It is now occupied by an eclectic mix of small businesses. Tourist information, a community products store called 'The Exchange', Postoffice Pizza, Grand Manan Scooter Rentals, Kites and Kones, Something to Crow About Coffee, and artist studios. (updated May 2019)
  • The Painted Whale, 2 Pettes Cove Rd #1, North Head, ☏ +1 506 662-1982. M-Sa 10AM-5PM, Su 10AM-3PM. Gift shop (updated May 2019)

Eat

Drink

Sleep

  • Hole-in-the-Wall Park & Campground, 42 Old Airport Road, North Head, ☏ +1 506 662-3152, . Wilderness camping is available from May through November. 
  • Castalia Marsh Retreat, 11 Bancroft Point Road, Castalia, ☏ +1 506 662-8997, . 7-acre site. Excellent for bird watching. 
  • Anchorage Provincial Park, 136 Anchorage Road (between Grand Harbour and Seal Cove), ☏ +1 506 662-7022, . Offers supervised 103 camping sites on a seasonal basis (May through to the beginning of October), including pull through, serviced and un-serviced lots. Sanitary and cooking facilities, shower and laundry facilities, playground, a nearby beach, and a dumping station. $25-43. (updated May 2019)
  • The Marathon Inn, 19 Marathon Ln, ☏ +1 506 662-8488. Non-smoking private, shared, and family rooms. Many rooms overlook the harbour and have a private fridge and microwave. All rooms include a private bath, fresh linens, TV, bathing products, free WiFi. Breakfast and dinner available. Water views, parking, large deck with seating, on ten acres of land. $108-124. (updated May 2019)

Connect

Go next

This city travel guide to Grand Manan Island is a usable article. It has information on how to get there and on restaurants and hotels. An adventurous person could use this article, but please feel free to improve it by editing the page.
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