Huancayo is the capital of the department of Junin in Southern Sierra region of Peru.

Understand

The population is about 500,000, altitude 3300 m. Huancayo lies on the lower end of the broad Mantaro Valley. The surrounding mountains reach up to ~3,600 m. En route from Lima, the road ascends as high as ~4818 m.

In Peru, there is not only Cusco, Arequipa and Puno to visit, but also charming, smaller towns such as the ones encountered in the region of Junin. These towns represent another aspect of the Peruvian culture and its traditions, giving tourists another angle from which to experience this diverse country. In Huancayo and its surroundings, there are many activities on offer and many not so touristy cultural sites to visit. When Pizzaro settled the first capital of Peru in Jauja, his first impression of the region was that it looked like Switzerland. The everlasting valley of Mantaro is very green in the wetter parts of the year, but dries out quite a bit at other times. Its agriculture is flourishing and is full of wandering cows, pigs, donkeys and lambs.

The region is full of pre-Inca ruins, from the Huanca civilization. You should go and visit Tunanmarca, a Huanca ruin that has more than 3000 houses! Or go trekking on the Huaytapallana glacier for a day. It is a pleasant and relatively safe place for visitors to practice their Spanish, meet down-to-earth Peruvians, and try delicious local food at reasonable prices. Ruins, museums, trekking and fishing are on the menu.

Tunanmarca

Get in

By bus

Many bus companies offer services from and to Lima. Cruz del Sur is a good one. The trip takes about 8 hours in dry season, depending on traffic. Buses from Huancavelica, a five hour trip, are also available.

By train

The Ferrocarril Central Andino the train line joining Lima to Huancayo, is the second highest railway in the world and the highest in South America. The journey on board the Train of the Andes through the heart of Peru is simply breathtaking. It is an 11-hour experience where the train reaches an altitude of 4781 m (15,681 ft), goes through 69 tunnels and 58 bridges and makes 6 zigzags. In 1999, the company was privatized, in 2005, Ferrocarril Central Andino renovated their passenger wagons. Unfortunately for time-limited travellers, it only runs once every two months.

Ferrocarril Central Andino

By plane

LC Perú offer two flights per day to and from Jauja (JAU ^IATA), flying from "Jorge Chavez" airport in Lima to the "Francisco Carlé" airport in Jauja (20 minutes from Huancayo). To be safe, LC Perú will take you to their main agency in Huancayo.

If you are not taking LC Perú, there are many taxi drivers and colectivos waiting at any time. They can take you to Huancayo for S/.20 to S/.60.

Other

During the day, there are always colectivos to and from Jauja. Colectivos to and from Lima are also available for under $15. In Lima, have a taxi driver take you to the Yerbadero. In Huancayo, ask your taxi driver to take you to colectivos to Lima. These will be found a bit out of the city center on Real Street. Lonely Planet also talks about a company called Comite 12 that has a station right around the Municipalidad.

Get around

Taxis - transport in the city is around S/3 soles. Trips to more distant parts of the city can range up to S/6.

Nicolás Carhuaz Chipana, Nicolás Taxi, in the city of Huancayo, is a very friendly, patient, knowledgeable and helpful taxi driver (however, he doesn't speak much English) who will take you on self-designed excursions to the Mantaro Valley, and isn't afraid to drive off the beaten path! Telephone: +51 964736038. E-mail: Nico_20_75@hotmail.com

Buses - buses and colectivos within the city generally cost less than S/1. Routes generally follow the main streets, but can be variable, so ask around for specifics.

See

• Feria dominical - The very interesting "Feria de Huancavelica" Sunday market on Huancavelica Street. There is a large section with local artisans working in a wide variety of media, as well as all manner of foodstuffs, from guinea pigs to tropical fruits, raw and prepared. Also all sorts of more "conventional" goods.
• Cerrito de la Libertad Take a taxi or walk to this view point over the whole city, which also boasts a small zoo and several restaurants.
• Torre-Torre Sandstone needles, the impressive effect of erosion, are less than a kilometer past El Cerrito de la Libertad. A taxi can get you close, but the last bit has to be done on foot. Torre Torre offeres better views of the city and valley than El Cerrito.
• Visit the market area behind the railway station to Lima.
• La Inmaculada A church where you can often find local musicians that wait to be hired for weddings or whatever, some of whom play on real cow horns. Generally only open for mass and special ceremonies.
• Parque de la Identidad Huanca (Wanka) A famous park in the city that is widely loved for its strange and artistic design that is popular with children. It is a celebration of the Huanca culture and includes statue of local heroes, many labeled plants, and a gift shop with local crafts.
• Museo Salesiano - Located on the second floor of the Colegio Salesiano (school), the museum costs S/5. It has an extensive collection of Peruvian animals and artifacts, but next to no labeling or information on them.
• Cross on the hill - visible from the city, it is possible to walk up to the cross on the hill in about 2 hours for a view of the city and valley. Just follow Prolongacion Trujillo through eucaliptus-ringed fields, heading left when you can't go straight.

Do

• Traditional Crafts Classes - Gourd carving, weaving, wood carving, cooking, dance, musical instruments, etc., offered by Incas del Peru (incasdelperu.org) They also have Spanish classes. 15-hour minimum; homestays available
• Volunteer - Several organizations exist including Mosoq Ayllu (volunteering-in-peru.com) and Incas del Peru. Both offer homestays and require a 1 week minimum commitment.
• Day trip through craft villages - offered by multiple tourist agencies in the valley for different prices, but in the end all the agencies send their clients to the same bus. The tour is well guided in Spanish and goes to San Jeronimo, Ingenio, and several other villages.
• Huaytapallana Glacier - A full day excursion requiring a guide, the glacier is well worth the trouble. The tourist kiosk in Huanmamarca Plaza (under the giant golden hat) offers a trip for S/45 per person that passes spectacular turquois lakes. Agencies in Plaza de la Constitution advertise between S/.40-S/.50 but the “local price” is S/.35 - just tell them S/.35 and they don’t negotiate, they just say “yes”. Incas del Peru (Av. Giraldez) offers overnight trips as well. The glacier is at about 5000 m above sea level, so acclimatization is highly recommended prior to climbing as the trek is steep and rigorous in places.
• Laguna de Paca (Lake) - A decent-sized lake surrounded by hills, Laguna de Paca offers boat rides and restaurants in a peaceful setting. Take a bus to Jauja, and transfer to a colectivo (shared taxi) heading to Laguna de Paca. The boats and restaurants are a bit before the village of Paca, and it is an easy walk between them. Warning: the road does not go all the way around the lake.
• Laguna de Nahuinpuquio/Arwuaturo Ruins - The Huanca (Wanka) ruins are on top of a hill, and the small lake is below (5-10 min walk). There is often a guide at the ruins willing to explain the history for a small tip. At the lake are restaurants and boats for rent. Take a bus to Chupaca, then a colectivo (shared taxi) to the lake (drivers are generally willing to drop you at the ruins too if you ask). If no taxis are available to take you back, it is a 2km walk down to the village of Ahuac where there are many more taxis than at the lake.
• Virgen de Concepcion - Above the town of Concepcion is a giant white virgin statue. For S/2 you can climb inside her and pop out of her head for 360° views of the Mantaro Valley.
• Horseback riding - offered at Divertilandia and other locations in the valley.
• Central Jungle - Take a bus 4 hours to La Merced to experience the central jungle (makes a good weekend trip, but can be done in a day if you're short on time). Buses leave from the multi-company terminal on Av. Ferrocarril.

Buy

Handicrafts:

• Silver jewelry in San Jeronimo
• Weavings in Hualhuas
• Carved gourds in Cochas Chicas/Cochas Grandes

Crafts are also available at the Feria Dominical (Sundays on Av. Huancavelica) or Casa Artesanal (in front of the central plaza) or Mercado Artesanal (behind Plaza Huanmamarca).

Eat

It is a pity that this region is unknown to tourists, everything is great and especially its local food. By not visiting the region of Junin, people miss a lot of Peru's culture and tradition. If you are a culinary addict, you have to jump on the Ferrocarril Central (it would give you a good first glance of the good local food)and run to a restaurant in Conception or Jauja!

Everyone who visits the region of Junin has to go and eat a trout in the village of Ingenio, home to farms where these fish are raised. Every restaurant has its own recipes and ways of preparing this local product. You have to try the cebiche de trucha or trucha a la huancaina!

For the bravest (some would say cold-hearted if one saw the live animals cowering in the Sunday market) the most noteworthy dish that could end your starvation is the picante de cuy or cuy chactado (guinea pig). It is found in every restaurant and every tourist simply has to try it before they leave the region, it is an experience!

Another typical local dish would be the papa a la Huancaina (potatoes in a delicious and a touch spicy yellow sauce) with a plate of Pachamanca (a way of cooking the food over heated stones, similar to roasting, served with different meats and vegetables); they are delicious.

For vegetarians, there are several restaurants in the 7th and 8th blocks of Jr. Arequipa, most of which have very cheap 'menus' (S/3.50-5, which includes a soup, a main, usually a drink - most often tea - and sometimes even a small dessert). Particularly good is "El Pobre", which also has a breakfast menu and very friendly owners. It is also popular with locals: always a good sign.

"La Cabaña" has very slow and disorganized service and overly loud Peruvian folkloric music.

Drink

Club & discoteques

• La Noche, Jr. San Antonio 241 - Huancayo
• Taj Mahal, Av Huancavelica - Huancayo

Bar

• El Tayta, Av Huancavelica #859 - Huancayo

Sleep

• Hotel Kiya, ☏ +51 64 214955, contact@hotelkiya.com. A relatively upscale hotel in Huancayo, in the center of the main city, double room for S/66. English is spoken. 
• La Casa de la Abuela, Pasaje de San Jose 162, dorms for S/20 per person or double room for S/25 per person. Its5 in a rather outlying location that is very difficult for many cab drivers to find. Be sure to get the map that the hotel gives out and to tell the cabdriver the place is located near UPLA. On the plus side, this hotel is clean, quiet and inexpensive, the breakfast is pretty decent, and they'll pick you up from the hotel for free. On the minus side, besides the remote location, the hotel is run in a rather chaotic hippie way, with no staff to be found before 08:00 or 09:00, the showers are lukewarm at best, and the rooms are very poorly thought out with respect to storage space. This hotel has the same ownership as "La Cabaña" and pushes that restaurant/bar pretty hard; but the restaurant is even more disorganized than the hotel! Telephone: +51 64-22 33 03, +51 64-23 43 83. E-mail: incasdelperu@gmail.com.
• Hostal Las Lomas, Av. Giráldez 327, fax: +51 64 23 75 87. Close to the train station and the Plaza de Armas. Good value for money. Winston and Helena, the couple of super-friendly owners, will inform you with pleasure about the places to visit in the area, explaining all the practical details. 
• There are several hotels on the city square with rates well under 100 soles per night. Except during festivals, there's probably no need for reservations.

Go next

• Huarivilca, or Warivilca. A temple ruin from the Wari era. Take a colectivo or a taxi to the village Huari. You will find the museum (service in the morning and in the afternoon) in the plaza. You can get there explanations in English. After the museum, the guide will show you the ruins, too.
• The trains to Huancavelica leave Huancayo at 06:00 and 13:00 during the week and 14:00 and 18:00 Sundays. The journey takes about 5 hours. The station is at the crossing of Av. Ferrocarril and Av. Junin. Probably, you will see the old station building first. Beware, it's out of order. The new one is on the other side of the rails and is not very easy to find. Services can be disrupted while the track is upgraded to standard gauge so check at the station.
• Go to Ingenio (1 hr 15 min, S/2.20) and try the delicious trout menus. You can also catch your own fish and visit the local fish farm where they raise the trout.
• Climb the statue of the Virgin of Concepcion in Concepcion (25.4 m).
• go to Tarma (3 hr, S/10). Really nicer than Huancayo, small town, nice trips around.